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There are four ways in which essential oils can be produced. The first is called mechanical wringing, which produces essential oils from the peel, fruit and zest of fruit. To obtain essential oils from roses, geraniums, mint and coriander are distilled with water vapour. Another method is called enfleurage, it is one of the most difficult and expensive, they say that it was used back in ancient Egypt. It consists of converting essential compounds into gas and then absorbing it with fat and solid sorbents. The conclusion is that fresh flower petals are placed on glass trays greased with grease. Then the fat absorbs the essential oil, then the already faded petals are changed to new ones and so continues for several days until the fat stops absorbing. Then this very fat is dissolved in an alcohol solution and placed on vibration platforms for 24 hours to separate the essential oil from the fat. As a result of this manipulation, a very concentrated absolute of essential oil is obtained.
This is another way to extract the essential oil.
Essential oils can also be extracted with volatile or non-volatile solvents, such as rose oil, jasmine oil, ylang ylang oil and others. This method is called Extraction, which is the most promising for industrial scale. When the extracting agent is separated, it gets a specificity. In the equivalent of 25 grams of concret is equal to a kilogram of quality lipstick (a mixture of fat and essential oils derived from the enfleurage). Then with the help of alcohol and its distillation the same absolute is obtained. To do this, use liquid butane or carbon dioxide, they practically do not spoil even the most capricious aromas. There is also a method of maceration, simply put, infusion with a non-volatile solvent, it is used when you want to extract essential oils from plants in which their percentage is very small, for example, from violets, jasmine, lilies and others.